Chinese belief systems differ from single deity religions and polytheism most in

Chinese belief systems differ from single deity religions and polytheism most in

(A) their secular emphasis and lack of identifiable gods to worship.
(B) emphasizing correct behavior and performance of rituals and rites.
(C) concentrating on the need for the gods' saving grace.
(D) supporting a relative legally and social equality for women.
(E) deifying nature.

Answer: A

Despite their material success and increased wealth,

Despite their material success and increased wealth,

(A) foreigners were prohibited from settling in China.
(B) Chinese rulers were isolated from the masses and did not intervene in government.
(C) Chinese aristocrats had no influence within the government.
(D) merchants in China ranked below peasants and had little societal influence.
(E) the scholar-gentry were prohibited from owning land.

Answer: D

Chinese women in the Classical Age

Chinese women in the Classical Age

(A) were free to choose the men they would marry.
(B) could become scholar-gentry provided they passed the state exams.
(C) were legally subordinated to fathers and husbands at all class levels.
(D) dominated the intellectual and artistic activities of China.
(E) varied greatly in status, influence, and rights.

Answer: B

Although they varied greatly in wealth and social status in China,

Although they varied greatly in wealth and social status in China,

(A) the commoners, especially the peasants, remained the largest group.
(B) the scholar bureaucrats cooperated to limit the influence of the ruler.
(C) aristocrats owned all of the land.
(D) women had many legal rights and protections.
(E) urban artisans and merchants dominated Chinese society

Answer: A

During the Han Dynasty, scholar officials

During the Han Dynasty, scholar officials

(A) lost their governmental offices to aristocrats.
(B) came increasingly from the merchant and peasant classes.
(C) utilized Legalism as a ruling doctrine.
(D) insisted on harsh law codes to maintain control.
(E) instituted a system of examination to prepare professional civil servants.

Answer: E

Which of the following groups would have most likely supported the Qin Dynasty?

Which of the following groups would have most likely supported the Qin Dynasty?

(A) Confucian scholars
(B) peasant laborers
(C) trained bureaucrats from non-aristocratic groups
(D) traditional aristocrats who lost their lands and positions
(E) Daoist priests

Answer: C

The doctrine sponsored by the Qin Dynasty to support its state

The doctrine sponsored by the Qin Dynasty to support its state

(A) encouraged education, new ideas, and tolerated criticism of the state.
(B) broke the power of vassals in order to enhance the power of the emperor.
(C) paid the northern nomadic groups tribute to prevent invasions.
(D) tolerated local lords performing functions for the central government.
(E) used reciprocal social arrangements and scholar-officials as bureaucrats.

Answer: B

Confucian social relationships

Confucian social relationships

(A) established a hierarchy and insisted upon reciprocal duties between people.
(B) taught its practitioners to seek inner harmony with the natural way.
(C) used rewards for correct behavior and punishments for transgressions.
(D) were based on universal love and forgiveness.
(E) stressed the welfare and the interests of the state

Answer: A

Confucianism and Daoism

Confucianism and Daoism

(A) were officially sanctioned doctrines of the Qin and Han emperors.
(B) are religions, which developed in classical China.
(C) emphasized the needs of the individual over the welfare of the state.
(D) had little influence upon China and Chinese society until the late 900s C.E.
(E) originated as responses to societal problems during times of disruption.

Answer: E

By encouraging settlers to move into the Yangtze River valley, the Zhou rulers

By encouraging settlers to move into the Yangtze River valley, the Zhou rulers

(A) provoked centuries of conflict with outside invaders.
(B) produced population growth but also complicated problems of central rule.
(C) promoted the early cultivation of wood pulp for paper products.
(D) promulgated diseases like yellow fever, then kept population growth in check.
(E) programmed future generations of Chinese to obey the dictates of the highly centralized state.

Answer: B

One difference between classical China and the earlier Huanghe river valley civilization was that

One difference between classical China and the earlier Huanghe river valley civilization was that

a. human sacrifices were suppressed.
b. irrigation was widely practiced.
c. China became relatively isolated.
d. farming was important.
e. traditions emphasized the harmony of nature.

Answer: A

The Chinese government accepted Daoism for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

The Chinese government accepted Daoism for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

a. Daoists believed that nobles were holier than peasants.
b. Daoists came to acknowledge the Son of Heaven.
c. Daoism embraced traditional Chinese beliefs.
d. Daoists did not have great political ambitions.
e. Daoists provided spiritual insights for many in the upper classes.

Answer: A

Which of the following was a Confucian belief?

Which of the following was a Confucian belief?

a. A good society has a hierarchy both in family and state.
b. Change should be encouraged and modeled by the emperor.
c. Merchants must be valued for their money-making skills.
d. Governments must not interfere with individual rights.
e. People of all social classes and abilities should be actively involved in government.

Answer: A

Which of the following groups was considered "low standing" in official Chinese social hierarchy?

Which of the following groups was considered "low standing" in official Chinese social hierarchy?

a. Merchants
b. Peasants
c. Students
d. Scholars
e. Soldiers

Answer: A

The Qin dynasty differed from the Zhou dynasty in that

The Qin dynasty differed from the Zhou dynasty in that

a. it was more centralized.
b. it practiced Confucianism.
c. it lasted longer.
d. it was defeated by invading Huns.
e. it eventually declined and fell.

Answer: A

Daoists would agree with Confucianists on all of the following EXCEPT

Daoists would agree with Confucianists on all of the following EXCEPT

a. the importance of political activity.
b. basic harmony of nature.
c. importance of restraint in personal life.
d. the importance of tradition.
e. scorn for greed.

Answer: A

A "dynasty" in Chinese history was

A "dynasty" in Chinese history was

a. powerful bureaucrats who ran the state.
b. any emperor who lasted more than two decades.
c. big business families who monopolized overseas trade.
d. a family that passed the imperial title from generation to generation.
e. kings dominated by foreign interests.

Answer: D

The "Son of Heaven" concept promoted all of the following EXCEPT

The "Son of Heaven" concept promoted all of the following EXCEPT

a. loyalty to the emperor.
b. an explanation of the decline of dynasties.
c. centralization of power in the state.
d. priests' control of the state.
e. the remoteness of emperor from subjects.

Answer: D

One of China's key economic strengths was

One of China's key economic strengths was

a. extensive overseas trade.
b. high levels of technological innovation.
c. early introduction of steam-powered equipment.
d. government encouragement of the merchant class.
e. cheap slave labor.

Answer: B

Ceremony and hierarchy became an important part of upper-class Chinese life because

Ceremony and hierarchy became an important part of upper-class Chinese life because

a. the Chinese believed that women should regulate the household.
b. the Chinese religion contained many public celebrations.
c. the Chinese believed that polite behavior was a way to please the gods.
d. the Chinese believed that it would help unify society and prevent greed.
e. the Chinese believed that courtesy would win salvation in heaven.

Answer: D