All of these problems are shared by the contemporary Pacific Rim nations EXCEPT:

All of these problems are shared by the contemporary Pacific Rim nations EXCEPT:

(A) falling growth rates.
(B) a rise in unemployment.
(C) antagonisms between the United States and the Soviet Union, which threaten war.
(D) declining power of their national currencies.
(E) popular pressures for change in traditional political practices.

Answer: C

The Pacific Rim nation that has recently emerged as an economic giant and whose industries and products have challenged Japan, the United States, and Western Europe is

The Pacific Rim nation that has recently emerged as an economic giant and whose industries and products have challenged Japan, the United States, and Western Europe is

(A) North Korea.
(B) Taiwan.
(C) Hong Kong.
(D) South Korea.
(E) Singapore.

Answer: D

In contemporary Japan and Taiwan,

In contemporary Japan and Taiwan,

(A) Christianity replaced the older Shinto and Confucian belief systems.
(B) both countries have military alliances with China.
(C) individualism and competitiveness are valued.
(D) populations are increasingly abandoning traditional ways and values
(E) group consensus and collective decision making are highly valued.

Answer: E

The relationship between business and government in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan in the later half of the 20th century is BEST described as

The relationship between business and government in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan in the later half of the 20th century is BEST described as

(A) a communist-style command economy.
(B) a socialist-capitalist mix of private property and public welfare.
(C) separated by American-style constitutions.
(D) cooperative—the government encourages and protects businesses in an almost mercantilist manner.
(E) antagonism toward each other.
(E) group consensus and collective decision making are highly valued.

Answer: D

Maoist programs in China include all of the following EXCEPT:

Maoist programs in China include all of the following EXCEPT:

(A) the Great Leap Forward.
(B) the Mass Line approach.
(C) the Tayson Rebellion.
(D) collectivization in the agricultural sector.
(E) the Cultural Revolution.

Answer: C

Following its defeat on mainland China, the Kuomintang or Nationalist Party led by Chiang Kai-shek

Following its defeat on mainland China, the Kuomintang or Nationalist Party led by Chiang Kai-shek

(A) collapsed.
(B) fled to Korea.
(C) fled to Taiwan and established the Republic of China.
(D) sought support from the U.S.S.R. for a prolonged fight with Mao's China.
(E) joined with the Chinese Communist Party to form the People's Republic of China.

Answer: C

Postwar Korean development has been largely determined by the

Postwar Korean development has been largely determined by the

(A) occupation of the country by China and the Soviet Union.
(B) division of the peninsula between pro Soviet and pro-capitalist states.
(C) long and autocratic rule by the Korean king.
(D) extreme hunger and poverty of the Korean peoples.
(E) devastation caused by World War II.

Answer: B

The chief socio-cultural tension within postwar Japan has been

The chief socio-cultural tension within postwar Japan has been

(A) the lack of social mobility.
(B) a large non-Japanese ethnic minority deprived of any rights.
(C) limited rights for women and minorities.
(D) severe demographic dislocation due to rapid industrialization.
(E) a conflict between indigenous traditions or values and Western influences

Answer: E

Japan's postwar government is BEST characterized as a

Japan's postwar government is BEST characterized as a

(A) communist people's democracy.
(B) traditional monarchy with a hereditary emperor and little popular sovereignty.
(C) democracy dominated by a political and economic oligarchy.
(D) democratic republic with an unstable party system.
(E) militaristic state.

Answer: C

All of these nations are economic powerhouses of the Pacific Rim EXCEPT:

All of these nations are economic powerhouses of the Pacific Rim EXCEPT:

(A) Vietnam.
(B) Taiwan.
(C) Hong Kong.
(D) South Korea.
(E) Singapore.

Answer: A

Which of the following statements concerning Chinese domestic policies during the 1950s and 1960s is most accurate?

Which of the following statements concerning Chinese domestic policies during the 1950s and 1960s is most accurate?

a. Despite pledges made during the civil war, the Communist Party failed to undertake substantial land redistribution programs.
b. Increasingly Mao came to embrace the old Confucian concept of a bureaucratic elite as the means of government.
c. The Chinese Communist leadership began a massive attempt to reeducate the peasantry and create an industrialized class.
d. With the introduction of the first five-year plan in 1953, the Communist leadership turned away from the peasantry.
e. Mao's primary trust came to rest in a group of intellectuals associated with the University of Beijing.

Answer: D

In 1978 the United States government

In 1978 the United States government

a. recognized Taiwan as a most-favored trading partner.
b. severed its diplomatic ties with Taiwan and recognized the legitimacy of the communist government of mainland China.
c. allowed mainland China to take over the island.
d. supported Taiwan's invasion of Quemoy and Matsu.
e. offered significant military aid to Taiwan in its continuing opposition to communism in Asia.

Answer: B

The French intervened in the 18th-century Vietnamese rebellion and supported

The French intervened in the 18th-century Vietnamese rebellion and supported

a. Nguyen Anh.
b. Hong Trinh.
c. the Tayson.
d. the Chu Lai.
e. Ngo Dinh Diem.

Answer: A

What Chinese leader established an autocratic government on Taiwan in 1948?

What Chinese leader established an autocratic government on Taiwan in 1948?

a. Sun Yatsen
b. Mao Zedong
c. Kim Il-Sung
d. Chiang Kai-shek
e. Shi Zilin

Answer: D

In what year was the civil war in China decided by a Communist victory?

In what year was the civil war in China decided by a Communist victory?

a. 1947.
b. 1940.
c. 1970.
d. 1958.
e. 1912.

Answer: A

The "Gang of Four" were

The "Gang of Four" were

a. other Communist states that tried to have Mao removed from power on the basis that he was not a "Leninist."
b. the temporarily dismissed "pragmatists," who sought to remove Mao from power.
c. Britain, Japan, the Soviet Union, and the United States—identified by Mao as China's chief rivals.
d. university intellectuals identified as "capitalist roaders" during the Cultural Revolution.
e. Jiang Qing and three allies who contested for power with the "pragmatists" on behalf of the aging Mao.

Answer: E

Which nation retained a large British naval base until 1971?

Which nation retained a large British naval base until 1971?

a. Taiwan
b. Hong Kong
c. Indonesia
d. Singapore
e. Malaya

Answer: D

By 1960, Mao lost his position as state chairman

By 1960, Mao lost his position as state chairman

a. when he proposed an alliance with the United States and NATO.
b. following the defeat of Chinese forces in Vietnam.
c. when he was assassinated by a disgruntled intellectual.
d. because of the general and catastrophic failure of the Great Leap Forward.
e. when he proposed the destruction of Buddhist monasteries throughout China.

Answer: D

In part, the defeat of the United States in Vietnam in the 1970s resulted from

In part, the defeat of the United States in Vietnam in the 1970s resulted from

a. the general superiority of the Viet Cong as soldiers.
b. the greater loss of American than Vietnamese lives.
c. inadequate air power resulting in the use of chemical weapons.
d. Vietnamese belief that the communists were fighting for independence.
e. an insufficient commitment by the U.S. government to win the war.

Answer: D

Japan produced a distinctive economic culture after the 1950s that included all of the following features EXCEPT

Japan produced a distinctive economic culture after the 1950s that included all of the following features EXCEPT

a. willingness among management to abide by collective decisions and less concern for quick personal profits.
b. few Japanese managers would change jobs from one firm to another.
c. a strong tradition of independent unions.
d. managers who displayed active interest in suggestions by employees.
e. a network of policies and attitudes that reflected older traditions of group solidarity.

Answer: C