How did the political center of Islam change after the Mongol invasions?
a. Mongolian became the language of politics and commerce.
b. The political center of Islam was removed to sub-Saharan Africa.
c. Baghdad was supplanted by Cairo to the east and soon thereafter Istanbul to the north.
d. The center of Islam passed with the withdrawal of the invaders into the steppes of central Asia.
e. Baghdad remained the capital of Islam, but under the control of successive Mongol dynasties.
Answer: C