What was the political and social position of the Manchu rulers at the end of the 19th century?
a. The Chinese scholar-gentry and the provincial elite allied with the emperors to introduce significant reform of landholding practices and regional administration.
b. The last decades of the dynasty were dominated by Cixi, a woman who proposed radical reforms of the social order.
c. The Manchu rulers stubbornly resisted the far reaching reforms that were the only hope of saving the regime and Chinese civilization.
d. The Manchu rulers adopted a wait-and-see attitude with regard to Western-style reforms.
e. The dynasty wholeheartedly embraced the ongoing Westernization of the Chinese government and economy.
Answer: C