Which of the following was NOT a benefit of the monastic movement in western Europe?
a. Their political organization provided the foundation for the political order established in France, Germany, and England.
b. Monks exemplified holy lives for church members and church leadership.
c. By copying ancient texts, monks preserved classical culture for later intellectual inquiry.
d. Many monasteries helped improve the cultivation of the land.
e. They disciplined the intense spirituality of the medieval West in order to promote Christian unity.
Answer: A