Which of the following was NOT typical of the challenges to typical medieval institutions in the 15th century?
a. A single imperial government replaced the smaller kingdoms of the Middle Ages
b. The medieval intellectual and artistic synthesis was breaking down
c. The landowning aristocracy lost its dominance as the chief military force
d. The balance between church and state began to favor the dominance of the state
e. Parliaments limited the power of kings and provided major support to the merchant class
Answer: A