The typical pattern for relations between China and its neighbors during the postclassical period was
(A) military occupation by the Chinese armies.
(B) for these states to acknowledge Chinese superiority and pay tribute but remain independent.
(C) incorporation of these states as provinces in the Chinese empire.
(D) to form equal alliances as partners against nomadic invaders.
(E) to maintain no formal relations or treaties with neighboring states.
Answer: B